Here is the second part of the Encyclopedia of spells:
N
Nox (noks)
"nox" L. night
Turns off the light from a "Lumos" spell.
Harry and Hermione used this spell to extinquish the lights on their wands in the Shrieking Shack (PA17)
Obliteration Charm
"oblitesco" - L. to conceal oneself
"oblittero" - L. to cancel , blot out
Removes traces or tracks left by someone.
Hermione used an Obliteration Charm as she walked to make it look as though she, Ron, and Harry hadn't walked back from Hagrid's hut in the snow (OP20)
Obliviate (oh-BLI-vee-ate)
"Memory Charm"
"oblivisci" L. forget
Modifies or erases portions of a person's memory.
These spells are used routinely by the Ministry of Magic as they work to keep the Wizarding World a secret from the Muggles.
They are used if a Muggle sees a dragon (SS ) and after an enchanted item falls into Muggle hands (CS3).
Memory Charms were used on the witnesses to Peter Pettigrew's murder of thirteen Muggles and subsequent escape as a rat (PA10).
Bertha Jorkins had had a Memory Charm placed on her by Crouch Sr. after she discovered Barty Crouch Jr. at the Crouch home (GF33). Voldemort broke through it, but the process left her mind damaged and he killed her (GF1).
Mr. Roberts, the campground manager near the Quidditch World Cup, needed ten Memory Charms a day or he started noticing odd things going on. Later, after he and his family had been attacked by the Death Eaters, they all received Memory Charms (GF7, 9).
Lockhart used Memory Charms on those whose adventures he claimed as his own. He'd interview someone who battled some creature or conquered some dark foe, then write the story as if he did it himself and give a Memory Charm to theperson so they'd forget it was really them. He tried to do the same to Harry and Ron, but it backfired onto him instead. (CS16)
A Ministry Wizard whose job it is to cast Memory Charms is called an Obliviator (GF7).
Occlumency
"occulto" - L. to hide, conceal, cover + "mens" - L. mind
Specialized branch of magic, not usually taught at Hogwarts, which consists of protecting one's mind against outside intrusion.
Dumbledore asks Snape to teach Harry Occlumency because of the continuing connection between Harry and Voldemort. The spell Snape uses to attack Harry's mind as they are training is Legilimens.
Oculus Reparo (AH-kyoo-lus re-PAR-oh))
"oculus" L. eye + "reparare" L. repair, restore
Simple spell which repairs a pair of eyeglasses.
In the film, Hermione uses this spell on the train to repair Harry's glasses (SS/f)
This is possibly a form of the spell Reparo which Hermione uses to repair the broken window in the train (GF8, 11). The basic spell word is "Reparo," with a target word added on in some cases, particularly when the caster is not particularly skilled.
Probably the same spell as Mr. Weasley used to repair Harry's glasses (CS4), Bill Weasley uses to repair the table leg (GF5), and Percy uses to repair his glasses when he bowed just a little bit too low (GF8).
Orchideous (or-KID-ee-us )
"Orchideae" L. name for the orchid plant family
Conjures a bouquet of flowers out of the end of a wand.
Mr. Ollivander used this spell to test Fleur's wand at the Weighing of the Wands (GF18)
P
Pack
"pack!"
A spell which causes items to assemble themselves into a trunk.
Tonks used the spell to help Harry pack his school trunk when he was leaving the Dursleys' house. She said she wasn't very good at housework spells and that her mother used to be able to even make the socks fold themselves up together. Tonks' version was a bit messier, but it certainly got the job done quickly. (OP3)
Patronus
A silvery-white, conjured creature created by using the Patronus Charm. The Patronus is used against Dementors and Lethifolds.
Harry's Patronus is a stag (like his father's Animagus form). Hermione's Patronus is an otter and Cho's is a swan. (OP27)
A Patronus can be commanded by the caster to attack; Harry controls his and tells it to attack each Dementor in turn when they attacked him and Dudley in the alley near Privet Drive (OP1)
Flavius Belby survived a Lethhifold attack by casting a Patronus Charm against it (fw/51, FB)
A Patronus can also appear as a shapeless silvery mist, but when cast correctly, it forms a "corporeal Patronus," which means it takes the form of an actual creature (corporeal means having a physical form, from "corpus" L. for body).
Patronus Charm (pa-TROH-nus)
"patronus" Medieval L. patron saint.
See EXPECTO PATRONUM
Pepper Breath
no incantation given
This charm gives a person firey hot breath.
Harry, when researching spells to use against a dragon, decides against this one (GF20).
Permanent Sticking Charm
no incantation given
Spell which magically fastens one thing to another. It is extremely difficult to remove anything fastened with a Permanent Sticking Charm.
Both the portrait of Sirius's mother and the tapestry showing the Black family tree were fastened to the wall with Permanent Sticking Charms. As a result, the Wizards of the Order couldn't remove them from the walls. (OP6)
Peskipiksi Pesternomi (pes-kee PIK-see pes-ter-NO-mee)
"Freezing Charm"?
"pesky" + "pixie" + "pester" + "no" + "me"
Lockhart's version of a Freezing Charm.
Lockhart tries this spell on the escaped Cornish Pixies. It has no effect. The spell words certainly don't fit the usual format, so it seems likely that Lockhart was making the whole thing up on the spot. (CS6)
Petrification
"petrificare" L. to make into stone, from "petra" L. rock
Not a spell so much as a magical effect, caused by seeing the reflected eyes of a Basilisk.
The Petrification effect resembles death, except that the victim is still alive, as if in suspended animation. It takes careful examination to discern whether a victim is in fact Petrified instead of dead. If a ghost is Petrified, is turns a dark smokey gray and can only be moved by the use of a fan. The antidote is made from mandrake roots (CS9).
Petrificus Totalus (pe-TRI-fi-cus to-TAH-lus)
"Full Body Bind"
"petrificare" L. to make into stone + "totalis" L. entire
Turns the entire body of the victim rigid.
Hermione cast this spell on Neville with profuse apologies when he tried to stop them from going after the Philosopher's Stone (SS16)
Point Me
See FOUR-POINT SPELL
Portus (POR-tus)
"porta" L. gate, entrance
Turns the target object into a Portkey.
Dumbledore turned an old kettle into a Portkey to Number 12 Grimmauld Place on the night of the snake attack on Arthur Weasley (OP22)
Dumbledore turned the head of the wizard statue into a Portkey to his office with this spell after his duel with Voldemort (OP36)
When the spell is cast, the target object glows blue and trembles briefly before returning to a normal appearance (OP22, OP36).
Prior Incantato (prye-OR in-can-TAH-toe)
also: Priori Incantatem
"Reverse Spell Effect"
"prior" L. former, earlier, preceeding + "incantatare" L. to bewirtch or enchant
Can be cast as a spell, ("Prior Incantato"), in which case it forces a wand to emit a ghost image of the last spell it cast. The images can be dispelled using the Deletrius spell.
When two wands are forced to duel which have core material from the same single animal, the result will be "Priori Incantatem," a display in sequence of the last spells one of the wands cast. Which wand will show the spell effect depends on the willpower of the two wizards involved.
Amos Diggory cast the Prior Incantato spell on Harry's wand to find out if it had cast the Dark Mark (GF9)
When Harry and Voldemort dueled, their wands, which share a core of a feather from the same phoenix, were linked in the Priori Incantatem effect. (GF36)
Protean Charm (PRO-tee-an)
"protean" Eng. able to readily assume a different form, from Proteus, a sea god from Greek mythology who could change his shape rapidly
Complex spell which makes something change form
Hermione is able to cast a Protean Charm on the fake Galleons the DA uses to pass along the date and time of the next meeting. The spell causes the numbers on the coins to change when Harry changes the numbers on his coin. The Ravenclaws were all astounded that Hermione, who wasn't in their house, could cast this spell, since it's NEWT level. Clearly none of them could cast this magic at fifth year level. (OP19)
Protego(pro-TAY-go)
"Shield Charm"
"protego" L. to defend
See Shield Charm
Q
Quidditch spells
no incantation given
Several charms are used to make the game of Quidditch possible:
the Quaffle is enchanted to make it fall more slowly. This spell was invented by Daisy Pennifold, hence the modern Quaffle is refered to as a "Pennifold Quaffle."
Gripping Charms, invented in 1875, are cast on the Quaffle to make it possible for the Chasers to hold onto it.
the Golden Snitch is enchanted so that it does not leave the playing field
Bludgers are enchanted to try to knock any and all players off their brooms.
Dobby the House Elf managed to enchant a Bludger so that it only chased after Harry Potter, eventually managing to break his arm (CS
c.f. Braking Charm, Cushioning Charm
Quietus (KWY-uh-tus)
reverse: Sonorus
"quietus" L. quiet, peaceful
Reverses the effect of the Sonorus spell, making the caster's voice normal in volume.
Bagman used the Sonorus and Quietus spells to allow himself to speak to a large crowd at the World Cup and at the Triwizard Tournament (GF8)
R
Reducio (re-DOO-see-oh )
reverse: Engorgio
"redusen" Middle Eng. diminish, from "reducer" Old Fr. bring back to the source, from" reducere" L. bring, lead
Causes an object to return to it's normal size.
Moody, who had enlarged a spider with an Engorgement Charm, used Reducio to return it to it's normal size (GF14)
Reducto (re-DUC-toh )
"redusen" Middle Eng. diminish, from "reducer" Old Fr. bring back to the source, from "reducere" L. bring, lead
Blasts solid objects out of the caster's path.
Snape used this on rosebushes at the Yule Ball after his talk with Karkaroff (GF23)
Harry learned this spell as part of his preparation for the Third Task. He used it to blast a hole in the hedge (GF31)
Used by the various D.A. Wizards at the beginning of the Battle of the Department of Mysteries to smash shelves in the Hall of Prophecy as a diversion (OP35)
Reductor Curse
See REDUCTO
Relashio
"rilascio" It. - to release, to relax, to issue
Releases a jet of fiery sparks. Underwater, this spell fires a jet of boiling water.
Harry used this spell against the Grindylows in the Second Task (GF26)
Reluctant Reversers, A Charm To Cure
no incantation given
Broom charm.
This spell is on page twelve of the Handbook of Do-It-Yourself Broom Care (PA2).
Reparo (re-PAR-oh )
"reparare" L. repair, restore
Undoes damage to an object.
Hermione casts this spell to repair the broken glass in the door to a railway carriage compartment (GF8, 11)
Probably the same spell as Mr. Weasley uses to repair Harry's glasses (CS4), Bill Weasley uses to repair the table leg (GF5), and Percy uses to repair his glasses when he bows just a little bit too low (GF8).
McGonagall uses what is very likely this spell to restore the leg of Neville's desk, which he had accidentally vanished (CS
Harry used the Reparo spell to fix the china bowl of Murtlap Essence he'd knocked to the floor. The spell couldn't put the liquid back in the repaired bowl, however (OP15)
Snape uses this spell to repair a shattered jar in his office during Occlumency lessons (OP26)
Hermione repairs a teacup that Ron broke in Transfiguration class using the Reparo spell (OP30)
Restoring Spell
no incantation used
Forces an Animagus who has transformed into animal form to revert to their human form. The spell's effect is a bright blue-white flash of light.
Lupin and Sirius cast this spell together to change Scabbers back into Peter Pettigrew (PA19)
Rictusempra (ric-tu-SEM-pra)
"Tickling Charm"
"rictus" L. gaping mouth, grin + "sempra" L. always
Causes a person to laugh uncontrollably.
Harry casts this spell on Draco at the Dueling Club (CS10)
The film version incorrectly shows this spell throwing Draco across the room (CS/f)
Riddikulus (ri-di-KYOO-lus)
"ridiculum" L. joke, from "ridere" L. to laugh
Defense against a Boggart, forces the creature to take on a silly appearance.
Lupin taught the third year Defense Against The Dark Arts class to use this spell (PA, GF31) The laughter it produces in onlookers is what does the Boggart in.
Room-sealing spell
no incantation given
Seals a room with a powerful charm that none but a powerful wizard could break.
Snape used a powerful magic spell to seal his office (GF25)
c.f. Colloportus (OP)
Ropes, magical
no incantation used
Sends out magical ropes from a wand which tie up someone firmly.
Dumbledore used magic ropes from his wand to bind Barty Crouch Jr. (GF36)
Quirrell created ropes out of thin air to bind Harry in the Chamber of the Stone. Then he claps his hands and the ropes fall away. (SS17)
Wormtail conjured tight cords to bind Harry to the headstone of Voldemort's father (GF32)
Snape used this spell to tie up Lupin. When he did it, there was a loud bang. (PA19)
a similar enchantment is used on the Chained Chair in the Court of Magical Law. When a prisoner sits in that chair, the chain glow gold and encircle the person's arms, binding them to the chair (GF30, OP8)
Rowboat spell
no incantation used
Propels a rowboat along without oars.
Hagrid used his umbrella to cast this spell and "speed things up a bit" when he and Harry were coming back from the hut on the rock (SS5).
Possibly it is this spell which propels the fleet of small boats from the dock near Hogsmeade station to Hogwarts castle (SS
S
Scourgify(SKUR-ji-fy )
from the Latin word 'excoriata' which means 'to be stripped of'. (thanks to Ruth Eyres)
Cleans things.
Tonks uses Scourgify to clean out Hedwig's cage in Harry's bedroom. (OP3)
Possibly the same thing as the "Scouring Charm"
Scouring Charm
"Scourgify" (?)
Cleans things, fingernails, for example.
Hermione taught Neville a Scouring Charm to clean the frog guts out from under his fingernails (GF14).
A Scouring Charm is required to eradicate an infestation of Bundimuns (FB)
There is no specific reference that Scourgify and the Scouring Charm are the same thing, but it seems very likely
Serpensortia (ser-pen-SOR-sha)
"serpens" L. serpent + "sortir" Old Fr. to go out
Causes a large serpent to burst from the end of the caster's wand.
Draco casts this spell on Harry at the Dueling Club on Snape's suggestion; the serpent moves to attack Justin Finch-Fletchley (CS10)
Severing Charm
no incantation given
Spell to cut something.
Ron uses this spell to remove the lace from the neck and sleeves of his used dress robes (GF23)
Shield Charm
"Protego"
This spell creates a magical barrier which will deflect hexes thrown at the caster.
Harry learned this spell in his preparations for the Third Triwizard Tournament task (GF31).
Harry used the Shield Charm to defend himself and to stop various Death Eaters from Summoning the prophecy away from him during the Battle of the Department of Mysteries (OP35-36)
Silencing Charm
"Silencio"
A charm which causes something to be silent.
The song of the Fwooper will drive the listener insane and must therefore be sold with a Silencing Charm on it. This charm must be recast on the Fwooper every month (FB).
Fifth Years work on this spell in Transfiguaration using bullfrogs and ravens (OP18)
Hermione casts the Silencing Charm on a Death Eater during the Battle of the Department of Mysteries, which causes the spell he uses to attack her to be a lot less damaging. He still knocks her out, though, and does "enough damage to be going on with," according to Pomfrey (OP
Silencio(si-LEN-see-oh)
"Silencing Charm"
"silencio" L. to be quiet
Magically silences the target of the spell.
see Silencing Charm
Slug Curse
no incantation given (no, it's not "eat slugs")
Causes the victim to belch up slugs.
Ron tried to hit Malfoy with this curse after Malfoy had called Hermione a Mudblood. Unfortunately, Ron's wand was damaged and the spell backfired (CS7)
Interestingly, Ron had only a short time before, at breakfast, snapped "Eat slugs, Malfoy!" This is not the incantation, however, although the film clearly and incorrectly indocates that it is. (CS/f)
Sonorus (so-NO-rus )
reverse: Quietus
"sonorus" L. loud
Makes the caster's voice carry over long distances.
Ludo Bagman uses these spells to make his voice heard throughout the World Quidditch Cup stadium and over the stands of people watching the Triwizard Tournament (GF8, 31)
Stunner
"Stunning Spell"
See STUPEFY
c.f. ENNERVATE
Stupefy ( STOO-puh-fye)
"Stunner" "Stupefying Charm"
reverse: "Ennervate"
"stupefacio" L. to make senseless, from "stupeo" L. stunned
Renders the target of the spell unconscious; this spell hurls a bolt of red light.
Used by Ministry Wizards to try to stop whomever cast the Dark Mark (GF9)
Used by dragon keepers (a lot of them at once) to manage dragons (GF
Flavius Belby tried to use a Stupefying Charm against a Lethifold, but only succeeded in blasting a hole through his bedroom door (FB)
Summoning Charm
See ACCIO
Switching Spells
various, depending on the transfiguration intended
A classification of Transfiguration spells which swap one thing for another.
Hermione knew quite a bit about Switching Spells already in her first year, and gained some house points for it from McGonagall. (SS9)
Neville wasn't particularly adept at these, managing to switch his own ears onto a cactus during Transfiguration class (GF15)
Hermione, discussing ways to combat dragons:
"Well, there are Switching Spells...but whats the point of Switching it? Unless you swapped its fangs for wine-gums or something that would make it less dangerous..." (GF20)
The definition of Switching Spells was on the OWL test Harry took in June 1996. (OP31)
See CROSS-SPECIES SWITCHES
T
Talon-clipping charm
no incantation given
A charm used for dragon care.
Harry found this spell in a book in the Hogwarts library when researching ways to overcome the Hungarian Horntail in the First Task of the Triwizard Tournament (GF20).
Tarantallegra (TAIR-an-tuh-LEG-ruh)
"tarantella" It. dance associated with the tarantula, from Taranto, a city in Italy + "allegro" It. fast
Forces the victim's legs to do a crazy dance.
Draco cast this spell on Harry during the Dueling Club (CS10)
Dolohov used this spell on Neville during the Battle of the Department of Mysteries (OP35)
Thief's Curse
no incantation given
An unspecified bit of nastiness which can be cast on someone who steals something.
People who stand too long reading Quidditch Through the Ages in a shop without buying it might find themselves the object of this curse, according to Dumbledore in the introduction to QA.
Tickling Charm
See RICTUSEMPRA
Time Travel
no incantation used; by magical device only
An extremely dangerous magical effect, allows a person to travel back in time. Because of the potential for catastrophe should history be altered, time travel is all but forbidden in Wizarding society. Certain magical devices are usable for time travel, but access to them is strictly controlled.
Hermione used a Time Turner to repeat hours of the day and take more classes (PA)
The Pensieve and Tom Riddle's diary allowed a form of time travel, although the person traveling was not actually part of the time they entered. Instead, they became an observer, unseen and unheard. This form of time travel is tied to stored memories and the traveler views the past from a vantage point near the person whose memories are used. This form of time travel might be better termed "memory travel."
Time is studied in one of the rooms of the Department of Mysteries; a Death Eater whose head fell into a huge bell jar in that room was changed from the neck up into a baby (OP35).
Transmogrifian Torture
"trans" L. across + ?
"transmogrify" Eng. verb c.1656, from L. to change or alter greatly and often with grotesque or humorous effect
c.f. Calvin and Hobbes: his "duplicating machine" is called a Transmogrifier
perhaps also related to:
"moggy" Br. slang: cat
Supposedly something which results in a cat being killed.
Lockhart pronounced with certainty that Mrs. Norris was dead, killed by the Transmogrifian Torture. Immediately thereafter, Dumbledore informed everyone that she wasn't in fact dead, rather she was Petrified, and Lockhart pointed out that he knew this all along. Knowing Lockhart, it is distinctly possible that there is no such thing as the Transmogrifian Torture (c.f. PESKIPIKSI PESTERNOMI) (CS9)
Trip Jinx
no incantation given
Trips the target.
Malfoy used a Trip Jinx to catch Harry in the seventh floor corridor, running away from the Room of Requirement (OP27)
Twitchy Ears Hex
no incantation given
Causes the ears of the victim to wiggle and twitch uncontrollably.
Harry was hit with this Hex as they practiced Hex-Deflection in Defense Against the Dark Arts class (GF28)
U
Unbreakable Charm
incantation not given
Makes an object unbreakable.
Hermione cast an Unbreakable Charm on the jar in which she captured Rita Skeeter in beetle form. (GF37)
Unforgivable Curses
Three curses in particular are known as Unforgivable because using them on another human being can result in a life term in Azkaban. These three curses were used extensively by Voldemort's followers during his rise to power in the 1970s. One, the Killing Curse, was used by Voldemort himself on Harry Potter, but the curse backfired and Voldemort was defeated.
The three curses are:
Cruciatus Curse (Crucio)
Imperius Curse (Imperio)
Killing Curse (Avada Kedavra)
During the Battle of the Department of Mysteries, Harry tried to use the Cruciatus Curse on Bellatrix Lestrange, but it didn't have much effect. She taunted him:
"Never used an Unforgivable Curse before, have you, boy? You need to mean them, Potter! You need to really cause pain--to enjoy it-- righteous anger won't hurt me for long..." (OP36)
See CRUCIO
See AVADA KEDAVRA
See IMPERIO
Unplottable
incantation not given
A magical effect on a place; makes it impossible to plot its location on a map.
Hermione suggested that this may have been done to make Durmstrang and Beauxbatons harder to locate by other witches and wizards (GF10).
Hogwarts also has wards and spells on it to hide its true nature from Muggles, but it is apparently not Unplottable.
Number 12 Grimmauld Place is Unplottable (OP
See Muggle Repelling Charms
V
Vanishing Spell
See EVANESCO
W
Waddiwasi (wah-di-WAH-see)
"vadd" Sw. a soft mass + "vas y" Fr. go there
It makes sense because Lupin didn't just make a wad of gum leave that keyhole, but directed it into Peeves' nose. (contributed by Alina)
Shoots a wad of gum out of a keyhole.
Lupin considers this to be a useful little spell. He used it to remove a wad of gum from a keyhole that Peeves was putting there. The gum then shot up Peeves' nose (PA7).
The "useful spell" that Lupin was showing them was undoubtedly the "wasi" part, in this case with a target word attached, "wad." Again we see how important intention is to magic, since the wad was directed into Peeves' nose by intent with the "go there" part of the spell. In another situation, the spell might be "stolawasi" to send a robe into a student's trunk, but it would only work if the student focused his mind on where he wanted the robe to go.
Wand effects
no words used
Causes loud booming noises, sparks, or flashes of light, designed to get people's attention.
Purple firecrackers to get everyone's attention (SS10)
McGonagall creates a loud bang to get people's attention in the hallway (CS10)
Ollivander cast a stream of silver smoke rings and a fountain of wine during the Weighing of the Wands (GF18)
SEE ALSO: Messenger Spell, Four-Point Spell, Wand Sparks, Wand Writing, Bubbles
Wand sparks
no incantation given
Emits red or green sparks from the wand, used as a signal
Harry, Draco, Neville fired red sparks into the air to call for help in the Forbidden Forest (SS15)
Harry and Ron shot sparks to hold off an advancing skrewt (GF21)
For the Third Task, each champion was instructed beforehand to send up red sparks if he or she got into difficulty and wished to be rescued (GF31)
When Harry's temper was getting the better of him, his wand inadvertently gave off a few red and gold sparks (OP2)
The signal that it was clear for the Advance Guard to leave Privet Drive with Harry was a shower of red sparks, then green sparks, far off in the night sky (OP3).
Wand writing
no incantation given
Emits an animated ribbon from the tip of the wand that spells words or forms numbers
Dumbledore uses ribbon from wand to form letters in air (SS7).
Tom Marvolo Riddle wrote his name in the air, then rearranged the letters (CS17)
The judges of the Triwizard Tournament show scores with ribbons coming from their wands (GF20)
Wingardium Leviosa (win-GAR-dee-um lev-ee-OH-sa)
"Levitation" (SS/f)
"wing" + "arduus" L. high, steep + "levo" L. to raise up, levitate
Causes a feather to levitate.
Very simple spell taught to first year Charms students (SS10).
In an excellent example of how intention affects magic, Ron used this spell to make a mountain troll's club levitate, then crash back onto its own head, even though the "wing" portion of the spell seems specific to feathers.
Flitwick says that Levitation is one of the rudimentary skills for every wizard and therefore teaches it to his first year class (SS/f)
Wizard Space
Causes objects to hold more than their outer dimensions would seem to allow.
While not mentioned by name, this magical effect is seen in a number of places in the Wizarding World. It would seem that "wizard space" is fairly common, since Molly Weasley didn't seem a bit surprised when their Ford Anglia could hold a lot more people and cargo than it should.
Cauldrons apparently can hold a lot of stuff. Harry dumps an entire collection of Lockhart's books into Ginny's cauldron, for example. And apparently it didn't get too heavy for an eleven-year-old to carry as a result (CS4).
The invisibility cloak also seems to have this quality, since it expands to cover several children and a crated dragon, but still can be easily used by a single person (SS, etc)
the magical tents Mr. Weasley borrowed for use at the Quidditch World Cup were considerably more spacious inside than they looked from the outside (GF7)
X NOne
Y NOne
Z NOne
Information Supplied by
http://www.hp-lexicon.org/w_creatures.html